Do You Know the Difference Between RSV, Cold, COVID, and the Flu?

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can be tricky to spot, as symptoms often mimic other respiratory illnesses. These include runny nose, coughing, sneezing, and fever. Unlike colds, RSV can lead to more severe respiratory issues such as pneumonia. It's highly contagious and spreads through close contact. If you suspect RSV, especially in infants, older adults, or other high-risk people, consult a health care provider promptly.

Colds are caused by various viruses, most commonly rhinoviruses. Symptoms typically include sore throat, runny nose, coughing, and mild fatigue. Unlike RSV or flu, fevers are rare with colds. Colds are usually mild and resolve on their own within 7-10 days. Rest, hydration, and over-the-counter remedies can help manage symptoms.

COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, can range from mild to severe. Symptoms may include fever, cough, loss of taste or smell, and fatigue. Unlike colds or RSV, COVID can lead to more serious complications and has a higher risk of transmission. If you suspect COVID, get tested and follow isolation guidelines.

Flu is caused by influenza viruses and typically comes on suddenly. Symptoms include fever, body aches, fatigue, and respiratory issues. Unlike colds, flu can lead to serious complications, especially in high-risk groups. Annual flu vaccines are recommended for prevention. If you suspect flu, especially if you're in a high-risk group, consult a doctor promptly as antiviral medications may be beneficial.

While these illnesses share some symptoms, there are key differences. RSV often causes wheezing, especially in children. COVID-19 may cause loss of taste or smell. Flu typically comes on suddenly with high fever. Colds rarely cause fever or severe fatigue. Pay attention to the onset and severity of symptoms to help distinguish between these illnesses.

For any respiratory illness, seek immediate medical care if you have trouble breathing, persistent chest pain, confusion, or bluish lips or face. For high-risk people (young children, older adults, or those with underlying conditions), it's best to consult a health care provider early, especially for suspected RSV, COVID-19, or flu.

Prevent the spread of respiratory illnesses by practicing good hygiene. Wash hands frequently, cover coughs and sneezes, and stay home when sick. Consider wearing a mask in crowded places during peak illness seasons. Stay current with recommended vaccinations for flu, COVID, and RSV. The CDC recommends the RSV vaccine for pregnant women, everyone over age 75, and people ages 60-74 who have an increased risk of serious illness due to RSV. You can get all three vaccines at once.